Цифровая трансформация экономики: новые возможности, системные риски и вызовы для бизнеса в условиях глобальной нестабильности

Abstract

Humanity is currently experiencing a global shift toward a new technological paradigm, often referred to as the digital economy or the era of digital transformation. This article analyzes the dualistic nature of the digitalization of economic relations, examining two aspects: broad (socioeconomic relations related to production, distribution, exchange, and information technology) and narrow (the use of specialized technologies and big data in the economic system). It is demonstrated that the introduction of digitalization opens significant prospects for economic growth: creating remote access to vast amounts of information in real time, accelerating big data processing, reducing transaction costs, simplifying business interactions with government agencies, accelerating the market launch of innovative products, and increasing labor productivity. The purpose of this study is to identify and systematize the key challenges associated with digital transformation, including increased vulnerability to cyberattacks and unauthorized data leaks, the risk of deepening digital inequality between organizations with different levels of technological adaptation, and the challenges of regulating the cryptocurrency market, which creates a favorable environment for fraud and illegal transactions due to the anonymity of transactions. The study emphasizes that the digital space, a synthesis of digital processes, means of interaction, and information resources supported by an infrastructure based on regulatory norms and organizational principles, plays a central role in the modern economy, becoming the foundation for stable growth and prosperity for both business and society.